What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis, which literally translates to “porous bone,” is a progressive disease affecting bone density. As the bones become more porous over time, they also become more brittle and prone to fracture, eventually resulting in fractures that occur spontaneously without trauma.
What causes osteoporosis?
The primary cause of osteoporosis is age, but other factors also play a role:
- Family history of osteoporosis or fractures
- Fair skin
- Asian or Caucasian background
- Petite build
- Poor or inadequate nutrition
- Calcium deficiency
- History of smoking or frequent alcohol consumption
- Certain medications
- Certain thyroid diseases
Patients who have multiple risk factors for osteoporosis should discuss their risk with their healthcare provider.
What long-term risks and complications can result from untreated osteoporosis?
Back pain, deformity, loss of height, and serious debilitating fractures can result from untreated osteoporosis. Some fractures result in major surgery, hospitalization, or even permanent disability. Routine screening for osteoporosis is imperative in preventing the potentially devastating outcome of this disease.
What tests are used to screen for osteoporosis?
The most common osteoporosis screening is called a bone density test, but x-rays, lab tests, and physical examination also assist in diagnosing the disease. Healthcare providers determine how to best screen each patient on an individual basis depending on age, risk factors, and medical history. Sometimes the results of 1 test can be clarified or expanded on if another test is run.
Are there any measures patients can take to prevent osteoporosis?
Because many risk factors for osteoporosis are preventable, patients focus on preventing osteoporosis by limiting risk factors. This includes:
- Ensuring adequate daily intake of calcium
- Eating a healthy diet
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Quitting smoking
- Limiting alcohol consumption
- Exercising routinely
The healthcare team at Pali Women’s Health Center focuses on prevention first and talks with patients about measures they can take to lower their risk of developing this disease.
How is the disease treated?
Although there is no cure for osteoporosis, the progression of the disease can be slowed or stopped with medication. There are multiple medications used, some of which promote the formation of new bone and others which slow or stop bone loss.
